福建开放大学人文英语4作业答案

人文英语4

学校: 福建开放大学

平台: 国家开放大学

题目如下：

1. – Thank you for your invitation. – ________________________

A. I'll appreciate it.

B. It doesn't matter.

C. It's a pleasure.

答案: It's a pleasure.

2. – Do you think I can borrow your bike for a few hours? – ________________________________

A. I'm sorry, but I really need it this afternoon.

B. I don't think so.

C. I am afraid you can.

答案: I'm sorry, but I really need it this afternoon.

3. On average, a successful lawyer has to talk to several ________ a day.

A. customers

B. clients

C. guests

答案: clients

4. John's father _________ mathematics in this school ever since he graduated from Harvard University.

A. taught

B. teaches

C. has taught

答案: has taught

5. Never before _________ see such a terrible car accident on the road!

A. I have

B. have I

C. did I

答案: did I

6. 选择题 　　Graffiti painting is traditionally a daredevil pursuit. Teenagers dodge security guards to put their names on trains and buses. But over the past decade, graffiti has all but disappeared from Britain's cities. Between 2007 and 2012 the number of incidents of graffiti recorded by the British Transport Police fell by 63%. A survey by the Environment Ministry shows that fewer places are blighted by tags than ever. Graffiti are increasingly confined to sanctioned walls, such as the Stockwell ball courts. In time the practice may die out entirely. 　　The most obvious reason for the decline in tagging and train-painting is better policing. Numerous CCTV cameras mean it is harder to get away with painting illegally. And punishments are more severe. A generational shift is apparent, too. Fewer teenagers are getting into painting walls. They prefer to play with iPads and video games. Some have gone to art school and want to make money from their paintings. The Internet means that painters can win far more attention by posting pictures online than they can by breaking into a railway yard. 　　Taggers and graffiti artists mostly grew up in the 1980s and 1990s. Those men—and almost all are men—are now older and less willing to take risks. Graffiti may eventually disappear. But for now the hobby is almost respectable. The former graffiti artists paint abandoned warehouses at the weekend. It has become something to do on a Sunday afternoon—a slightly healthier alternative to sitting and watching football. 　　1.Teenagers are not afraid of being caught by security guards when they put their names on trains and buses. 　　2.Less tags can be found in public places nowadays. 　　3.Because of better policing graffiti decreases. 　　4.Some teenagers go to art school in order to learn to paint walls. 　　5.Taggers and graffiti artists are still willing to take risks.

答案: F# T# T# F# F

7. – Good afternoon. Can I help you? – ________________________________

A. I need to buy a birthday present for my son.

B. I don't think I need any of your help.

C. Yes, I think so, too.

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8. – Excuse me, could you tell the time? – ________________________________

A. You'd better buy a watch.

B. Can you see the clock?

C. It's three thirty by my watch.

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9. Both the kids and their parents __________English, I think. I know it from their accent.

A. is

B. been

C. are

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10. When Lily came home at 5 pm yesterday, her mother ______dinner in the kitchen.

A. cooked

B. was cooking

C. cooks

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11. 排序题 A. Does it cost the same for every household? B. You can pay right here, on the Internet! C. Just go ahead. D. We do for the live Cable TV programs. E. Exactly, even digital boxes. Liu Hui: Gordon, may I ask you a question? Gordon: Hi, Liu Hui. . Liu Hui: Do I need to pay for a TV license if I only watch TV online in the UK? Gordon: Yes, indeed. You need to be covered by a TV license if you watch or record programs as they're being shown on TV or live on an online TV service. Liu Hui: Including watching TV on computers and mobile phones? Gordon: . It is the law. Liu Hui: I see. How much is the license fee? Gordon: It costs £145.50 for a color TV license and £49.00 for a black and white TV license. Liu Hui: That's a lot of money for a year. ? Gordon: It costs the same for all applicants under 75. When you reach the age of 75, you may apply for a free Over 75 TV License. Liu Hui: I see. Gordon: Do you need such a license in China? Liu Hui: . Gordon: Oh, it sounds similar. But for BBC, the license fee is the main source of income. There is no advertising on the BBC channels. Liu Hui: By the way, where should I go to pay for my license? Gordon: . Liu Hui: Well, sure! Thank you!

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12. – Would you like something to drink? What about a cup of tea? – ________________________________

A. Yes, I want.

B. No, I wouldn't.

C. No, thanks.

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13. – How many languages does Peter speak? – ________________________________

A. With his roommates.

B. Five languages.

C. Pretty well.

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14. The student were all entertained in a Mexican restaurant, at Professor Brian's ________

A. money

B. pay

C. expense

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15. Every year thousands of lives ________ in road accidents because of careless driving.

A. are lost

B. lost

C. have lost

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16. The young lady coming over to us _______ our English teacher; the way she walks tells us that!

A. must be

B. can be

C. would be

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17. 排序题 A. I couldn't agree more. B. What else? C. Once we separate and recycle them. D. But I have a concern. E. That is really a great advice. Peter: Molly, look at this. The newspaper says we should sort trash. Molly: That would be great! I always hate it when people mixing all the trash together. Peter: Many communities have already done that. Molly: Yeah. The benefits of sorting out trash are obvious. Peter: For instance? Molly: If trash is sorted, it can be transferred to factories instead of the disposal plant. Peter: That makes sense. Molly: With trash separated, pollution caused by incineration can be avoided. Peter: It is high time for us to sort out the trash. Trash is trash only when everything is mixed together. they can be useful again. Molly: Things like paper, glass, and plastics can all be recycled. They can be reused. Peter: Sorting is good. If people have no idea how to sort their trash, they will still put all waste in the same bag. Molly: You are right. People should be informed about how to do that in the first place. Moreover, sorting trash should be made easy for us. Otherwise, few people would bother to do it. Peter: I hope everything goes smoothly! Molly: I believe it will.

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18. – Something went wrong with my television last night. – ________________________________

A. I'm sorry to hear that.

B. How did you manage to do that?

C. It's impossible.

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19. If she wants to stay thin, she must make a __________ in her diet.

A. change

B. turn

C. run

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20. Eggs, though rich in nourishments, have ________ of fat.

A. large number

B. the large number

C. a large amount

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21. 正误判断题 　　I've been living in the country for more than 10 years. It means quietness, privacy, harmony and peace for me. 　　Living in the country requires an active lifestyle. It involves activities like doing daily chores, preparing firewood for winter heating, feeding animals including pets and livestock, tending the garden, or securing fences, etc. For me, the most attractive activities are fishing, hunting and hiking. I enjoy seeing what nature has to offer everyday through a simple walk down the little trail, or a relaxing drive along the country road with patches of green grass ornamented with wildlife sightings of birds, moose, bears, deer, etc. 　　Living the country life helps us appreciate some of the simpler things, things that make us feel good about ourselves and the world. It may be just a get together on a Saturday at the local farmers market, or a project or a problem that the community might pull together to help solve. I have participated in a few community projects, like dealing with out-of-control grass fires, a roof that collapsed from a large snow fall, or even helping a recent widow with fire wood for the winter. Sometimes I am surprised by how much benefit we receive from helping others and as for this community I can’t say enough. 　　I really enjoy living the country life. I know it’s not for everyone, but I know it's for me. 　　1. The author has lived in the countryside for more than a decade, and he/she loves living there. 　　2. Living in the country is not busy at all. 　　3. The author takes a walk or drives along country roads almost every day. 　　4. People living in the country usually go shopping every Saturday. 　　5. According to the author, nobody dislikes countryside life.

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22. -Can you go out with us for dinner this evening? -__________.

A. No, I already have plans.

B. Thanks a lot, but I'm busy tonight.

C. No, I really don't like being with you.

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23. - Good morning, sir. May I help you? -__________.

A. No, I don't buy anything.

B. No, I don't need your help.

C. Yes, I need some salt.

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24. Mike is better than Peter ________ swimming.

A. for

B. at

C. on

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25. Although he did not know London well, he made his way _____ to the airport.

A. easy enough

B. enough

C. easily enough

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26. Nancy is ________ girl.

A. an eighteen-year-old

B. an eighteen-years-old

C. a eighteen-years-old

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27. 选择题 　　It can be really frustrating (使人沮丧的) for an overweight person to go to a gym and work out with a positive attitude. All one has to do is walk by almost any nice gym and notice all the healthy, sweating, “skinny” members. Sometimes they stare at those of us who are, well, zaftig. It is easy to see the judgment behind their eyes. Who wants to put up with that? 　　Many people are self-conscious of their bodies and feel isolated when joining workout classes of while exercising, especially if they are larger than most of the others in the group. Now the fitness industry is finally paying attention. Popular gyms are catering (迎合) to overweight and weight conscious customers by dedicating areas where the “skinny” people are not allowed. 　　There are even gyms or programs that require members to be at least 50 pounds overweight to participate. 　　Trainers recommend functional fitness as a practical goal, rather than six-pack abs(六块腹肌). They often use text messages to stay in touch with customers. 　　Often at these specialized gyms, the trainers are overweight themselves, or working on their own weight goals, and this can help those people with anxiety caused by poor body image. The equipment has been designed for use by larger people. Wider seats, more cushioning, no mirrors, and tinted (有色的) windows for privacy, are all important changes. Hopefully these types of gyms will successfully grow in numbers in the future. The idea is a very simple and potentially popular one. If it helps those of us who are bigger exercise more and improve our fitness level, it's a step in the right direction. 　　1. The word zaftig in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to . 　　A. fat 　　B. healthy 　　C. friendly 　　2. We can infer from the first two paragraphs that . 　　A. most large gym chains really don't want members to show up frequently 　　B. overweight people are often frustrated and pushed away by traditional gym industry 　　C. regular gyms don't accept overweight people to participate in their programs 　　3. What is the training goal in the gyms catering to overweight members? 　　A. To achieve functional fitness. 　　B. To build six-pack abs. 　　C. To look like a fitness model. 　　4. As for the gyms catering to overweight members, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE? 　　A. The machines are designed for larger people. 　　B. Tinted windows are used to ensure extra privacy. 　　C. There are large mirrors on the walls. 　　5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? 　　A. Improving Women's Self-confidence through Exercises. 　　B. The traditional Gym Industry Is Losing Its Customers. 　　C. Specialized Gyms Designed for Overweight People.

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28. -Excuse me, where is Dr Smith's office? -________.

A. You can't ask me. I don't know, either.

B. Sorry, I don't know. But you can ask the man over there.

C. Please don't say so.

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29. They have learned about _____in recent years.

A. several hundreds English words

B. hundreds of English words

C. hundred of English words

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30. Two thousand dollars ____ enough for the car.

A. is

B. are

C. were

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31. — Can you tell me where I can park the car? — _________________.

A. Yes, please

B. It is made in America

C. Well, just over there

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32. — Could I talk to Prof. Lee? — _________________.

A. Yes, speaking

B. Oh, it's you

C. I'm waiting for you

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33. Neither John his father was able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train.

A. nor

B. or

C. but

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34. Today's weather is _____worse than yesterday's.

A. very

B. much

C. very much

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35. With his work completed, the manager stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased ____ he was a man of action.

A. which

B. that

C. What

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36. 排序题 A. even without international links B. Chinese students and academics C. the crisis on economic growth D. A strong research system E. in part because of this 　　Education and academic quality can mean different things to different people, depending on their perspective, role and context and, , quality is notoriously difficult to evaluate. The question of how to do this has been pursued for many years. 　　Nevertheless, the goal of improving educational quality is agreed by all and stimulated further by the recent worldwide economic downturn and the need to counteract the impact of and prepare for economic recovery. 　　As the World Bank and UNESCO said 10 years ago: “The quality of knowledge generated within higher education institutions, and its availability to the wider economy, is becoming increasingly critical to national competitiveness.” They also rightly emphasized that “ at the national level opens up the possibility that substantial additional public benefits can be realized through international links.” 　　This is precisely why should contribute to these global benefits, reforming and improving evaluation systems for educational and academic quality. Original and good research, especially in science, economics and social sciences, has a trickle-down effect on society. And it offers additional benefits , though international collaboration and exchange of the best evaluation policy and practice can bring substantial advantages to all partners in relation to lessons learned elsewhere.

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37. — What's the matter with you? — _________________.

A. It matters with you

B. Not too bad

C. I feel a bit sick

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38. The new order means _____ overtime.

A. works

B. to work

C. working

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39. — You needn't do the work till after the New Year. — _________________.

A. No, you needn't

B. Oh, good! Thank you.

C. Happy New Year to you

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40. — How was the journey to London? — _________________.

A. It went very well

B. It was a nine-hour

C. I flew there

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41. Will you _____ me a favor, please?

A. do

B. make

C. bring

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42. The young ______ interested in pop music.

A. is

B. have

C. are

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43. I want to buy a ______ wallet for him.

A. black leather small

B. small black leather

C. small leather black

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44. 填写主题句 I. Read the passage and choose the right sub-title (A-D) for each paragraph. A. The inexactitude of language B. Preventing misunderstandings C. Intercultural communication D. Fostering respect E. Avoiding conflicts Para 1 　　Intercultural communication refers to messages transmitted between members of two or more different societies. Effective intercultural communication helps firms avoid conflict, prevent misunderstandings, and foster respect. Para 2 　　The workplace is growing more diverse every day. Managers cannot assume that what they find inoffensive will also be inoffensive to their subordinates. A lack of sensitivity can lead to claims of discrimination or harassment, which costs firms big money. Intercultural communication involves exercising sensitivity and tact to avoid such conflicts. Para 3 　　We human beings have developed language to communicate ideas to one another. Still, our language represents an imperfect form of communication. Sometimes, words cannot accurately convey an idea, because the information might be highly complex. Also, a concept that exists in one culture or language might not be part of another. Effective intercultural communication tries to bridge language gaps as effectively as possible so that everyone at the workplace finds themselves on the same page. Para 4 　　Given the inexactitude of language, misunderstandings can frequently arise between people from different cultures when they exchange information. Idioms often become lost in translation. For example, the English expression “to shoulder responsibility” translates into Swedish as “be a man for your hat”. Intercultural communication does not rely on expressions native to a particular language that could lead to confusion; rather, it relies on clear messages that all parties understand. Para 5 　　Communication happens differently in various cultures. What one society finds acceptable may be anathema to another. When coworkers from different cultures do not take these differences into account, not only does communication suffer but conflicts come to the fore. Effective intercultural communication does not try to ignore societal differences; rather, it respects the variations among the human race and enables people to transmit information clearly.

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45. A police officer claimed that the young man had attempted to __________ paying his fare.

A. avoid

B. reject

C. refuse

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46. _______ tomorrow's lessons, Frank has no time to go out with his friends.

A. Not preparing

B. Not having prepared

C. Not to prepare

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47. 选择题 　　Maggie Walker was born in 1867 in Richmond, Virginia. Her mother was once a slave in a rich woman's house. When Maggie was very young, a thief killed her father. Her family was impoverished, so Maggie's mother started doing laundry in her home. Maggie had to help her. She washed clothes every day, but she continued to go to school. She was a very good student, especially in math. 　　After Maggie graduated from high school, she got a job as a teacher. In 1886, she married Armistead Walker. They had two sons and Maggie stayed home to care for them. She also volunteered to help a social organization called the Order of St. Luke. This organization helped African Americans take care of the sick and bury the dead. Maggie Walker loved the work of the organization. The organization believed that African Americans should take care of each other. 　　Over the years, Maggie Walker had more and more responsibilities with the organization. In 1895, she suggested that St. Luke begin a program for young people. This program became very popular with schoolchildren. In 1899, Walk became Grand Secretary Treasurer of the St. Luke organization. However, because she was a woman, she received less than half the salary of the man who had the job before her. 　　The Order of St. Luke had a lot of financial difficulties when Walker took over. It had a lot of unpaid bills and only $31.61 in the bank. But soon Maggie Walker changed all of that. Her idea was to get new members to join the Organization. In just a few years, it grew from 3,400 members to 50,000 members. The organization bought a $100,000 office building and increased its staff to 55. Now Walker was ready for her next big step. 　　1. Maggie's father died . 　　A. when she finished high school 　　B. before she was born 　　C. when she was very young 　　2. Which of the following is NOT TRUE? 　　A. Maggie had two children. 　　B. Maggie was once a slave. 　　C. Maggie was good at math. 　　3. Which of the following is TRUE? 　　A. Maggie loved to help other African Americans. 　　B. Maggie was very popular with school teachers. 　　C. Maggie was the founder of the Order of St. Luke. 　　4. The word impoverished in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to . 　　A. difficult 　　B. rich 　　C. poor 　　5. After Paragraph 4, the author will probably talk about Maggie's . 　　A. education 　　B. next project 　　C. pay

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48. — Are you on holiday here? — _________________.

A. We are on holiday here, too

B. We live here, too

C. No, we aren't. We live here

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49. — What do you usually do in your spare time? — _________________.

A. Reading

B. No, I'll never do that

C. Yes, it’s my favorite time

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50. Before the final examination, some students have shown ______ of tension. They even have trouble in sleeping.

A. anxiety

B. marks

C. signs

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51. As the busiest woman there, she made ______________ her duty to look after all the other people's affairs in that town.

A. this

B. that

C. it

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52. It was getting __________, he had to stop to have a rest.

A. very darker

B. dark and dark

C. darker and darker

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53. 选择题 　　When Bill de Blasio ran for New York City mayor last year, he promised to end a controversial （有争议的）, citywide cell-phone ban（禁令）in public schools, which is not equally enforced in all schools. Now, under his leadership, the city is preparing to end the ban. It will be replaced by a policy that allows phones inside schools but tells students to keep them packed away during class. 　　Many schools have a rule about enforcing the ban that says, “If we don't see it, we don't know about it.” That means teachers are OK with students bringing in cell phones, as long as they stay out of sight and inside bags and pockets. 　　But at the 88 city schools with metal detectors, die ban has been strictly enforced. The detectors were installed to keep weapon out of schools，but the scanners（扫描器）can also detect cell phones. So students at these schools must leave their phones at home or pay someone to store it for them. 　　The ban was put into place in 2007 under mayor Michael Bloomberg. Ending the ban will also likely end an industry that has sprung up near dozens of the schools that enforce the ban. Workers in vans（厢式货车）that resemble food tracks store teens' cell phones and Other devices for a dollar a day, 　　Critics of the ban say cell phones are important safety devices for kids during an emergency. They also say that enforcement of the ban is uneven and discriminatory. Where the ban is enforced, it puts a disadvantage on students who can't afford to pay to store their phones. 　　Before putting an official end to the cell-phone ban, city education officials are working on creating a new policy. It will include rules about not using the phones during class or to cheat on tests. 　　1. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? 　　A. New York City will give financial aid to poor students. 　　B. New York City plans to restrict cell phone use in libraries. 　　C. New York City will soon end a ban on cell phones in schools. 　　2. Students pay a day to leave their cell phones in a van parked near their school. 　　A. a dollar 　　B. two dollars 　　C. five dollars 　　3. Metal detectors were installed in 88 city schools, mainly to keep out of schools. 　　A. cell phones 　　B. weapons 　　C. drugs 　　4. The word discriminatory in Paragraph 5 probably means . 　　A. necessary 　　B. tough 　　C. unfair 　　5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? 　　A. After the cell-phone ban is ended, students can use their phones during class. 　　B. The cell-phone ban is equally enforced in all public schools. 　　C. A phone-storage industry has appeared outside the 88 metal-detector campuses.

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54. — Do you mind if I read the newspaper on the table? — _________________.

A. Good news for you

B. Go ahead, please

C. Yes, sure

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55. It's bad _____ for you to smoke in the public places where smoking is not allowed.

A. behavior

B. action

C. manner

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56. Would you like something ______________?

A. drink

B. to drink

C. drinking

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57. _______________ is the population of Paris?

A. How many

B. How much

C. What

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58. 正误判断 James Bush 35 West 9 Avenue Pensacola, FL23506 P: (03) 86661234 M: 0651 222555 E: james.bush@hotmaill.com.us. [Date] Nick C. Brown Hiring Manger Saint Louis Mental Health Service 16 Mary Street River Dale, IL 566077 Dear Mr. Brown, 　　I wish to apply for the position of Social Worker as advertised on seek.com.au. Please find my resume attached. 　　For almost two years I have worked as Mental Health Case Manager for Truecare and their Housing and Accommodation Support Initiative. During the time I have proven my ability to work with an interdisciplinary team, and also developed interpersonal skills and strong professional relationships with clients, including individuals, families and community groups. In my work I have acquired a thorough understanding of the Mental Health Act of 2014 in relation to social work. 　　My duties have included providing psychosocial support to clients, in the form of one-on-one counselling as well as group therapy; developing and overseeing treatment plans for clients; advising family caregivers; and consulting with doctors, therapists and medical professionals. I was awarded with the New Employee Achievement Award for my work on a difficult case in 2015. My strong verbal and written communication skills have been well utilized in this role and I have also demonstrated solid organizational skills in my case management. 　　I have a strong desire to make a positive difference in people's lives and I believe I would be an asset to St Paul's Hospital if given the opportunity. 　　If you require more information please contact me at the phone numbers above. I am available for interviews and hope to hear from you soon. Yours sincerely James Bush James has almost two-year experiences of social work. 2. James provides psychosocial support to clients, in the form of group therapy. 3. James does not give advice to family caregivers. 4. James's strong verbal and written communication skills have been well used in this position. 5. James believes he would be a valuable staff to St Paul's Hospital if given the opportunity.

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59. — Here you are, Sir. — _________________.

A. Yes, I'm here

B. Yes, here we are

C. Thank you very much

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60. — What does your English teacher look like? — _________________.

A. She likes singing

B. She looks sad

C. She looks much like her mother

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61. How can he _____________ if he is not _____________?

A. listen; hearing

B. hear; listening

C. be listening; heard

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62. Have you ever visited the Summer Palace, _____ there are many beautiful halls, ridges and a huge lake?

A. which

B. that

C. where

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63. It is not until you have lost your health _____________ you know its value.

A. until

B. when

C. that

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64. 选择题 　　Imagine a school that expected its students to become literate(有读写能力的) without any formal instruction. Most parents would be alarmed by such an approach, which would leave their children confused and with gaps in their understanding. This however has been the philosophy on character development in many of our schools. Why is the development of character seen as somehow different from the other skills that we teach? 　　Of course there will always be learning by osmosis(耳濡目染)in any school, but as a teacher and primary school head I have found that a child's moral literacy is strengthened when they acquire the building blocks of good character such as consideration, courage and honor: qualities which are commonly known as virtue(美德). 　　I personally find that exploring a virtue over a two-week period provides a simple and effective program that allows for the creative input of both teacher and student and a chance for the virtue to embed(使融入)itself. Once a lesson on a virtue such as honesty has been completed we need to allow time for children to practice this concept just as would be the case with fractions or verbs. Allowing children to role play a situation such as making up excuses to cover a mistake can be enormously interesting, and the drama can be frozen allowing the characters to be questioned about their feelings and motives. It's also a safe way for children to experience for themselves how a lie usually goes out of control. 　　Our role as educators is also to look for opportunities to help our students as they attempt to strengthen their characters. When something goes wrong we guide the young person to the virtue that will prevent it from happening again. For instance, when am student thoughtlessly disturbs the calm atmosphere of the library, instead of a response such as, "that was really disrespectful and selfish of you!" we draw out from them the required virtue: "When you're walking through the library, what virtues do you need to use?" 　　1. Which of the following is the main idea of this passage? 　　A. Teaching morals and values has been a frequently discussed topic in the past few years. 　　B. The author and his staff embed virtues into lessons and school life to encourage character development in children. 　　C. Kids throughout the population face the same needs, the same challenges, and the same realities in their lives. 　　2. We can infer from the first paragraph that . 　　A. there tends to be disagreement about what character education is 　　B. most parents are not satisfied with the teaching methods adopted in schools 　　C. the approach to character education is generally considered different from the approaches to other skills 　　3. The word "philosophy" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to . 　　A. study 　　B. subject 　　C. viewpoint 　　4. The author is a . 　　A. teacher 　　B. librarian 　　C. reporter 　　5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a way to build character in children? 　　A. Story readings and discussions. 　　B. Osmosis. 　　C. Taking every opportunity to teach character.

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65. — Would you like a tea? — _________________.

A. Yes, please

B. I like green tea

C. Yes, I prefer coffee

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66. — What time does the train leave? — _________________.

A. On Tuesday

B. In the morning

C. At half past five

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67. — How are you feeling now? — _________________.

A. Much better

B. It's OK

C. Thank you

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68. _____________ no need _____________ the radio as I'm used to studying with it on.

A. It's; to turn down

B. It's; turning up

C. There's; turning off

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69. It is no use _________to remember only grammar rules.

A. trying

B. try

C. to try

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70. All students are required to translate this poem ________English into Chinese.

A. with

B. from

C. on

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71. 选择题 Alternative Legal Billing – Win Strategies 　　Hourly billing is the best way to be charged for legal services. About 95 percent of lawyers still perform their legal work on an hourly basis. If you want something better than the old “bill by the hour” deal, try presenting one of these billing structures. Project billing for routine issues 　　If your legal needs include large but repetitive tasks, consider a flat-fee approach. Once you get a project billing estimate, don't hesitate to shop around to compare prices and services with other law firms. A firm may provide a better deal if it expects future work from your company. Results-oriented options 　　“Pay-according-to-success” is one choice. It considers fees based on the outcome of the case and the performance of your counsel. Contingency fees turn the matter into a shared risk or shared encouragement, making the law firm your business partner, not just representation. Multi-layered tasks 　　If you're shopping for a firm for actual legal work involving a number of legal specialties, consider using blended hourly fees. The firm calculates in advance an “average” rate based on the anticipated time each lawyer spends on the matter. 　　This arrangement helps the client to avoid paying a senior partner's hourly rate for research that should be conducted by a junior associate. 　　Legal “Insurance” 　　The contract fee allows the client to pick up the phone and talk to the lawyer without needing to eye the clock. This approach works like a legal insurance policy. It encourages companies to contact their counsel on non-litigation, non-crisis matters, and to save money in the long run by engaging in more preventive legal action. 　　1. is the best way to be charged for legal services. 　　A. Results-oriented billing 　　B. Hourly billing 　　C. Flat-fee billing 　　2. A flat-fee approach . 　　A. is suitable for repetitive tasks 　　B. is useless 　　C. is the best choice. 　　3. make the law firm share your risk and encouragement. 　　A. Contract fees 　　B. Blended hourly fees 　　C. Contingency fees 　　4. Legal work involving a number of legal specialties should consider using . 　　A. blended hourly fees 　　B. insurance fees 　　C. hourly fees 　　5. You have to eye the clock when you talk to the lawyer when you choose . 　　A. legal “Insurance” 　　B. the old “bill by the hour” deal 　　C. a flat-fee approach

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72. How much has the company ________________ this year?

A. brought in

B. brought down

C. brought out

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73. He would be studying at the university now if he ________the entrance examination.

A. passed

B. have passed

C. had passed

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74. By the year 2020, China's population probably _________1.4 billion.

A. will be reaching

B. are reaching

C. will have reached

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75. 选择题 　　Is that 6 a.m. wokeout getting in the way of good sleep? Don't think your fat cells won't notice. A new study published in The Annals of Internal Medicine (a medical journal) finds that inadequate shut-eye has a harmful effect on fat cells, reducing their ability to respond to insulin (胰岛素) by about 30 percent. Over the long-term, this decreased response could set the stage for type-2 diabetes (a medical condition in which someone has too much sugar in his or her blood), fatty liver disease and weight gain. 　　The study adds to a growing body of evidence that there' “an intimate relationship between the amount of sleep we get and our ability to maintain a good, healthy body weight,” says sleep expert Helene Emsellem, director of the Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders in Chevy Chase, Maryland. But Americans don't seem to be getting the message that we need seven to nine hours par night. More than 1 in 5 of us, according to a report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is getting six or fewer hours of sleep per night, on average. 　　So how did researchers study fat cells in the Annals paper? Matthew Brady of the University of Chicago and a group of colleagues selected and persuaded seven volunteers to take part in the research project. They were all young, thin and healthy and agreed to sleep for eight nights in a sleep lab. “For four nights they were allowed to stay in bed for 8.5 hours a night,” says Brady. Then, a month later, they came back for four additional nights——but this time they were allowed just 4.5 hours of sleep per night. And after each visit, researchers got a sample of their fat. Brady explains that the fat cells responded significantly to the loss of sleep. “I was very surprised to be honest,” he says. 　　Bad things can happen when fat cells become less responsive to insulin. “Fat cells are actually your friend,” he says. “They're there to store lipids (血脂).” When lipids stay inside the cells, your body can utilize the fat when you're exercising or sleeping or going about your day. “However, when fat cells stare to become insulin resistant, the lipids star to leach out of the fat cells and rise in the bloodstream,” Brady says. 　　1. According to the passage, lack of sleep for a long while can probably lead to all of the following EXCEPT . 　　A. heart disease 　　B. weight gain 　　C. diabetes 　　2. The main idea of the third paragraph is . 　　A. how to write a medical research paper 　　B. how to avoid sleep loss 　　C. how the research was conducted 　　3. What does the “leach” in the last paragraph probably mean? 　　A. Leap. 　　B. Lead. 　　C. Leak. 　　4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage? 　　A. We will be in trouble if our fat cells become less responsive to insulin. 　　B. More and more studies are done to study the link between sleep and weight. 　　C. More than 20% of Americans are not getting enough sleep. 　　5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage? 　　A. Poor Sleep May Lead to Too Much Stored Fat and Disease 　　B. Sleep Experts Had Exciting Findings in a Fat Study 　　C. Americans Should Have More Than Six Hours of Sleep

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